Definition Of Gene In Science

Genes are segments of dna located on chromosomes that contain the instructions for protein production.

Definition of gene in science. German gen from gen begetting in greek words such as genos race. Genetic science synonyms genetic science pronunciation genetic science translation english dictionary definition of genetic science. Genetic science the branch of biology that studies heredity and variation in organisms genetics transformation modification of a cell or. A segment of deoxyribonucleic acid dna needed to contribute to a function.

Genes achieve their effects by directing the synthesis of proteins. A gene is an extremely specific sequence of nucleotide monomers that has the ability to completely or partially control the expression of one or more traits in every type of living organism genes are formed from deoxyribonucleic acid and in the case of some viruses ribonucleic acid rna polymers. They are composed of deoxyribonucleic acid dna except in some viruses which have genes consisting of a closely related compound called ribonucleic acid rna. Genes exist in more than one form.

In the absence of demonstrated function a gene may be characterized by sequence transcription or homology. These alternative forms are called alleles and there are typically two alleles for a given trait. Alleles determine distinct traits that can be passed on from parents to offspring. Gene definition the basic physical unit of heredity.

Gene definition is a specific sequence of nucleotides in dna or rna that is located usually on a chromosome and that is the functional unit of inheritance controlling the transmission and expression of one or more traits by specifying the structure of a particular polypeptide and especially a protein or controlling the function of other genetic material. According to the official guidelines for human gene nomenclature a gene is defined as a dna segment that contributes to phenotype function. Though heredity had been observed for millennia gregor mendel a scientist and augustinian friar working in the 19th century was the first to study genetics scientifically. A linear sequence of nucleotides along a segment of dna that provides the coded instructions for synthesis of rna which when translated into protein leads to the expression of hereditary character.

The basic biological unit of heredity. Scientists estimate that humans have as many as 25 000 genes. A hereditary unit consisting of a sequence of dna that occupies a specific location on a chromosome and is transcribed into an rna molecule that may function directly or be translated into an amino acid chain. Genetics definition is a branch of biology that deals with the heredity and variation of organisms.

Mendel studied trait inheritance patterns in the way traits are handed down from parents to offspring.