Definition Of Innovation Oslo Manual
This edition defines an innovation as a new.
Definition of innovation oslo manual. The new oslo manual from 2018 takes a wider perspective to innovation and includes marketing and organizational innovation. Oslo manual third edition prepared by the working party of national experts on scientific and technology indicators oecd paris para. Defining innovation based on oslo manual 3rd edition 2005 an innovation is the implementation of a new or significantly improved product good or service or process a new marketing method or a new organizational method in business practices workplace organization or external relations. Oecd 2005 the measurement of scientific and technological activities.
However many innovations may have characteristics that span more than one type of innovation and it can be both difficult and misleading in terms of types of innovation. In this fourth edition the manual has been updated to take into account a broader range of innovation related phenomena as well as the experience gained from recent rounds of innovation surveys in oecd countries and. This general definition is given a more precise formulation for use with businesses which represent the main focus of this manual. The oecd oslo manual 1992 suggests standard guidelines on measuring technological product and process innovation.
Some people consider the oslo manual complementary to the frascati manual from 1963. First published in 1992 the oslo manual is the international reference guide for collecting and using data on innovation. Guidelines for collecting and interpreting innovation data. A good or service that is new or significantly improved this includes significant improvements in technical specifications components and materials software in the product user friendliness or other.
The oslo manual distinguishes between innovation as an outcome an innovation and the activities by which innovations come about innovation activities. The oslo manual developed jointly by eurostat and the oecd is part of a continuously evolving family of manuals devoted to the measurement and interpretation of data relating to science technology and innovation. Product innovations process innovations organisational innovations and marketing innovations oecd eurostat 2005. The oslo manual is the foremost international source of guidelines for the collection and use of data on innovation activities in industry.
This third edition has been updated to take account of the progress made in understanding the innovation process the experience gained from the previous round of innovation surveys the extension of the field of investigation to other sectors of industry. In this new 4th edition published in october 2018 the manual has been updated to take into account a broader range of innovation related phenomena as well as the experience gained from recent rounds of innovation surveys in oecd countries and partner economies and organisations. The oslo manual defines four types of innovation.